Economics Literature

Causes of the Emergence of Fascism: A Marxist Analysis of the Example of Germany

Taher Mirabi — Sat, 26 Aug 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Fascism is one of the most debated political ideologies of the 20th century. Research indicates that significant economic issues played a crucial role in the rise of fascism. However, there is no clear explanation as to why these economic problems led to fascism instead of socialism. Fascism emerged as a result of the conditions prevalent in the early 20th century, such as the devastation of World War I, global economic crises, political upheavals, social discontent, and the strengthening of national identity. It represents an ideology that reflects dissatisfaction and anger. This study aims to comprehensively examine the elements that contributed to the rise of fascism in Germany. Factors such as nationalism, authoritarianism, militarism, anti-Semitism, social discontent, and political weakness are believed to have had a significant impact on the ascent of fascism. In addition to providing a deeper analysis of the emergence of fascism, this work seeks to contribute to the debates by evaluating the conditions in pre-Hitler Germany and discussing Marx's notion that the economy is the fundamental factor determining the structure of society. The rise of fascism cannot be solely regarded as a phenomenon specific to that era. Therefore, studying the origins of fascism and examining the political, economic, and social situation before fascism's emergence allows for a more meaningful discussion about the reasons behind its rise.

Analysis of the Effect of Thought System on Economic Decisions with Behavioral Economics

Tuğba Demirtaş — Sun, 27 Aug 2023 10:20:19 +0000

Each individual forming the society is far from mathematical models; Considering that it exists under the influence of a number of sociological, psychological, cultural or anthropological factors; The decision-making process of the individuals who make up the dynamics of the economy and the balances they create are also becoming extremely important. On a plane where the economic cannot be separated from the society and the society's individual decision-making mechanism, the shortcuts of the individual thought system come to the fore. The concept of limited rationality has come to the fore after the more frequent crises, on a plane that the mainstream economics describes as "homoeconomicus" or "rational individual" under all circumstances and argues that there are individuals who make rational decisions. It has been revealed that individuals who make complete decisions, which the economy adapts only with models, are not actually like that. In this study, while examining the psychological decision-making methods highlighted by behavioral economics, their effects on economic decisions will be discussed.

Savings, Investment and Economic Growth in OECD Countries in the Age of Crisis

Fatma Arslan — Sun, 27 Aug 2023 10:20:42 +0000

Bu çalışmada; Ekonomik Kalkınma ve İşbirliği Örgütü (OECD) üyesi olan 38 ülkenin 2000-2020 yıllarına ait verilerinden hareketle kriz dönemlerinde tasarruf, yatırım ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi incelenmiştir. 38 ülke arasında 21 yıllık ağırlıklı ortalama verilerinde; tasarruf dışında, reel GSYH ve yatırımlarda en büyük değerler ABD’ye, en yüksek tasarruf oranı ise Şili’ye aittir. ABD için; tasarrufun, ekonomik büyümeyi etkilemediği, yatırımın ekonomik büyümeyi etkilediği görülmüştür. Tasarrufun ekonomik büyümeyi etkilememesi ABD’de tüketimin oldukça fazla olmasıyla açıklanmaktadır. ABD’nin reel GSYH değerlerinin yüksek olmasının sebeplerinden biri, dolar ile küresel ekonomide genel bir hakimiyete sahip olması gösterilebilir.